Such URLs are Difficult to Memorize
Muthusrinivasan, Muthu (14 December 2009). "Making URLs Shorter for Google Toolbar and FeedBurner". Ahmed, Murad (7 December 2009). "New Project in Scramble To Save Vanishing Internet Links - The Internet Archive Is Fighting To Preserve Shortened Web Links Created by Free Online Services That May Be Running Out of Money" Archived 17 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Every access requires more requests (at least one more DNS lookup, though it may be cached, and one more HTTP/HTTPS request), thereby increasing latency, the time taken to access the page, and also the risk of failure, since the shortening service may become unavailable. Not all URI schemes are capable of being shortened as of 2011, although URI schemes such as http, https, ftp, ftps, mailto, mms, rtmp, rtmpt, ed2k, pop, imap, nntp, news, ldap, gopher, dict and dns are being addressed by such services as URL shorteners. This can be overcome by making the service a reverse proxy, or by elaborate schemes involving cookies and buffered POST bodies, but such techniques present security and scaling challenges, and are therefore not used on extranets or Internet-scale services. This ability is installed on the browser via the TinyURL website and requires the use of cookies.
Not all redirection is treated equally; the redirection instruction sent to a browser can contain in its header the HTTP status 301 (Moved Permanently), 302 (Found), 307 (Temporary Redirect) or 308 (Permanent Redirect). A permanent URL is not necessarily a good thing. ZoneAlarm, however, has warned its users: "TinyURL may be unsafe. This website has been known to distribute spyware." TinyURL countered this problem by offering an option to view a link's destination before using a shortened URL. On Twitter and some instant messaging services, there is a limit to the number of characters a message can carry - however, Twitter now shortens links automatically using its own URL shortening service, t.co, so there is no need to use a separate URL shortening service just to shorten URLs in a tweet. There are several techniques to implement a URL shortening. Shortened internet links typically use ccTLD domains, and are therefore often under the jurisdiction of a nation other than where the service provider is located.
Thus, short URLs may be more convenient for websites or hard copy publications (e.g. a printed magazine or a book), the latter often requiring that very long strings be broken into multiple lines (as is the case with some e-mail software or internet forums) or truncated. As a result, many have been removed from online registries or shut down by web hosts or internet service providers. Many providers claim their shortened URLs won’t expire for as long as the service is provided. According to Tonic Corporation, the registry for .to domains, it is "very serious about keeping domains spam free" and may remove URL shortening services from their registry if the service is abused. Short URLs, for example, will be subject to linkrot if the shortening service stops working; all URLs related to the service will become broken. Some websites prevent short, redirected URLs from being posted. Some websites create short links to make sharing links via instant messaging easier, and to make it cheaper to send them via SMS. A short URL obscures the target address and can be used to redirect to an unexpected site. Makers of URL shorteners usually register domain names with less popular or esoteric Top-level domains in order to achieve a short URL and a catchy name, video shorts often using domain hacks.
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On other such services, using a URL shortener can allow linking to web pages which would otherwise violate this constraint. This results in registration of different URL shorteners with a myriad of different countries, leaving no relation between the country where the domain has been registered and the URL shortener itself or the shortened links. A uniform resource locator (URL) is registered with a server. URL shortening is a technique on the World Wide Web in which a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) may be made substantially shorter and still direct to the required page. It is a legitimate concern that many existing URL shortening services may not have a sustainable business model in the long term. A shorthand link is associated with the registered URL. The associated shorthand link and URL are logged in a registry database. Open source and commercial scripts are also available for redirecting and shortening links, usually written in PHP as a web application or a plugin for one of the popular applications such as WordPress. TinyURL tries to disable spam-related links from redirecting.
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